Comparison of DataNucleus with H2 embedded vs ObjectDB embedded

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded
Basic Person Test	19.2	100	8.0	100	13.6	100
Element Collection Test	6.6	100	2.8	100	4.7	100
Inheritance Test	15.6	100	4.4	100	10.0	100
Indexing Test	24.4	100	11.8	100	18.1	100
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	9.2	88.4	6.2	100	7.7	94.2
Multithreading Test	34.9	100	7.1	100	21.0	100
All Tests	18.3	98.1	6.7	100	12.5	99.0

The results above show that in general ObjectDB embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (12.5) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (99.0) reveals that in these tests, ObjectDB embedded is 7.9 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (2.8) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, ObjectDB embedded is 35.7 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded
Basic Person Test	13.2	100	13.5	100	13.3	100
Element Collection Test	6.4	100	8.9	100	7.7	100
Inheritance Test	12.2	100	12.7	100	12.4	100
Indexing Test	8.1	100	16.5	100	12.3	100
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	10.6	100	20.9	100	15.8	100
Multithreading Test	13.3	100	9.9	100	11.6	100
All Tests	10.6	100	13.7	100	12.2	100

The results above show that in general ObjectDB embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded in retrieving JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (12.2) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in these tests, ObjectDB embedded is 8.2 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (6.4) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, ObjectDB embedded is 15.6 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded
Basic Person Test	4.7	100	1.4	100	3.1	100
Element Collection Test	5.0	100	2.4	100	3.7	100
Inheritance Test	3.8	100	1.6	100	2.7	100
Indexing Test	0.0041	100	1.8	100	0.91	100
Multithreading Test	1.2	100	0.79	100	1.0	100
All Tests	3.0	100	1.6	100	2.3	100

The results above show that in general ObjectDB embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded in executing the tested JPA queries. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (2.3) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in these tests, ObjectDB embedded is 43.5 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using database indexes with small retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (0.0041) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, ObjectDB embedded is 24,390 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded
Basic Person Test	10.0	100	3.9	100	6.9	100
Element Collection Test	7.6	100	3.9	100	5.8	100
Inheritance Test	9.4	100	4.4	100	6.9	100
Indexing Test	10.6	100	5.9	100	8.2	100
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	5.9	100	3.7	100	4.8	100
Multithreading Test	failed	100	failed	100	failed	100
All Tests	8.7	100	4.4	100	6.5	100

DataNucleus with H2 embedded has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general ObjectDB embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded in updating JPA entity objects in the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (6.5) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in these tests, ObjectDB embedded is 15.4 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using graphs of objects with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (3.7) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, ObjectDB embedded is 27.0 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded
Basic Person Test	4.2	100	1.3	100	2.8	100
Element Collection Test	4.9	100	1.6	100	3.2	100
Inheritance Test	4.0	100	1.3	100	2.7	100
Indexing Test	7.5	100	1.9	100	4.7	100
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	5.6	100	4.1	100	4.8	100
Multithreading Test	failed	100	failed	100	failed	100
All Tests	5.2	100	2.0	100	3.6	100

DataNucleus with H2 embedded has failed in 2 tests (see exceptions).

The results above show that in general ObjectDB embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded in deleting JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (3.6) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in these tests, ObjectDB embedded is 27.8 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using simple basic entities with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (1.3) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, ObjectDB embedded is 76.9 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

Comparison of database storage efficiency (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded
Basic Person Test	27.0	100	27.0	100	27.0	100
Element Collection Test	22.4	100	22.4	100	22.4	100
Inheritance Test	27.0	100	27.0	100	27.0	100
Indexing Test	31.6	100	32.1	100	31.9	100
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	20.0	100	15.0	100	17.5	100
Multithreading Test	33.9	91.1	9.2	22.0	21.5	56.6
All Tests	27.0	98.5	22.1	87.0	24.6	92.8

The results above show that in general ObjectDB embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded in using disk space. Comparing the normalized score of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (24.6) to the normalized score of ObjectDB embedded database (92.8) reveals that in these tests, ObjectDB embedded is 3.8 times more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

A large gap has been detected when using graphs of objects with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized score of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (15.0) to the normalized score of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, ObjectDB embedded is 6.7 times more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded	DataNucleus H2 embedded	ObjectDB embedded
Basic Person Test	10.3	100	5.6	100	7.9	100
Element Collection Test	6.1	100	3.9	100	5.0	100
Inheritance Test	9.0	100	4.9	100	6.9	100
Indexing Test	10.1	100	7.6	100	8.9	100
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	7.8	97.1	8.7	100	8.3	98.5
Multithreading Test	16.5	100	5.9	100	11.2	100
All Tests	9.6	99.6	6.0	100	7.8	99.8

The results above show that in general ObjectDB embedded is much more efficient than DataNucleus with H2 embedded in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (7.8) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (99.8) reveals that in these tests, ObjectDB embedded is 12.8 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using JPA element collections with large transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of DataNucleus with H2 embedded database (3.9) to the normalized speed of ObjectDB embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, ObjectDB embedded is 25.6 times faster than DataNucleus with H2 embedded.

JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)