Choose benchmark test, operation and batch mode:

When one or more of the All filters is selected - only average normalized results are displayed. Please read Running and Results for more details.

Comparison of database storage efficiency - entity objects per MB (higher is better)

 Derby
embedded		H2
embedded		HSQLDB
embedded		SQLite
embedded		DB4O
embedded		ObjectDB
embedded		Derby
server		H2
server		MySQL
server		PostgreSQL
server		ObjectDB
server
DataNucleus6,8239,9886,248 failed      
EclipseLink6,71320,50514,27430,305       
Hibernate6,54914,26214,27433,930       
OpenJPA6,40114,23414,274        
ObjectDB     50,000     

Disk space efficiency chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in logarithmic scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Disk space efficiency chart - The Y-Axis represents normalized score in linear scale - higher is better:
JPA performance benchmark comparision Hibernate, EclipseLink, OpenJPA, DataNucleus, ObjectDB

Best and Worst JPA/Database Performer in this comparison

The Most Efficient:

1. ObjectDB embedded100
2. Hibernate with SQLite embedded67.9
3. EclipseLink with SQLite embedded60.6
4. EclipseLink with H2 embedded41.0
5. EclipseLink with HSQLDB embedded28.5
6. Hibernate with HSQLDB embedded28.5
7. OpenJPA with HSQLDB embedded28.5
8. Hibernate with H2 embedded28.5

The Least Efficient:

9. OpenJPA with H2 embedded28.5
10. DataNucleus with H2 embedded20.0
11. DataNucleus with Derby embedded13.6
12. EclipseLink with Derby embedded13.4
13. Hibernate with Derby embedded13.1
14. OpenJPA with Derby embedded12.8
15. DataNucleus with HSQLDB embedded12.5
16. DataNucleus with DB4O embedded0.0000

Problems (Exceptions) in these tests

  • DataNucleus with DB4O embedded
    javax.persistence.PersistenceException: Object "org.jpab.node.Node@538eb7b8" being inserted has id "130003" yet an object with this id already exists in the datastore!
	at org.datanucleus.api.jpa.NucleusJPAHelper.getJPAExceptionForNucleusException(NucleusJPAHelper.java:302)
	at org.datanucleus.api.jpa.JPAEntityTransaction.commit(JPAEntityTransaction.java:122)
	at org.jpab.Test.persist(Test.java:217)
	at org.jpab.Test.persist(Test.java:200)
	at org.jpab.Runner$PersistAction.run0(Runner.java:538)
	at org.jpab.Runner$TestAction.run(Runner.java:517)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Caused by: org.datanucleus.exceptions.NucleusUserException: Object "org.jpab.node.Node@538eb7b8" being inserted has id "130003" yet an object with this id already exists in the datastore!
	at org.datanucleus.store.db4o.DB4OPersistenceHandler.insertObject(DB4OPersistenceHandler.java:140)
	at org.datanucleus.state.JDOStateManager.internalMakePersistent(JDOStateManager.java:2371)
	at org.datanucleus.state.JDOStateManager.flush(JDOStateManager.java:3803)
	at org.datanucleus.ObjectManagerImpl.flushInternalWithOrdering(ObjectManagerImpl.java:3854)
	at org.datanucleus.ObjectManagerImpl.flushInternal(ObjectManagerImpl.java:3755)
	at org.datanucleus.ObjectManagerImpl.flush(ObjectManagerImpl.java:3701)
	at org.datanucleus.ObjectManagerImpl.preCommit(ObjectManagerImpl.java:4084)
	at org.datanucleus.ObjectManagerImpl$2.transactionPreCommit(ObjectManagerImpl.java:398)
	at org.datanucleus.TransactionImpl.internalPreCommit(TransactionImpl.java:370)
	at org.datanucleus.TransactionImpl.commit(TransactionImpl.java:259)
	at org.datanucleus.api.jpa.JPAEntityTransaction.commit(JPAEntityTransaction.java:103)
	... 5 more