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JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)

Comparison of EclipseLink with SQLite embedded vs Hibernate with Derby embedded

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	0.074	5.9	0.90	3.8	0.49	4.9
Element Collection Test	0.061	2.9	0.65	1.8	0.36	2.3
Inheritance Test	0.083	5.3	0.82	3.7	0.45	4.5
Indexing Test	0.11	7.0	1.6	4.8	0.87	5.9
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.24	1.9	0.91	1.7	0.57	1.8
Multithreading Test	0.10	10.5	2.1	3.7	1.1	7.1
All Tests	0.11	5.6	1.2	3.3	0.64	4.4

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is much more efficient than EclipseLink with SQLite embedded in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of EclipseLink with SQLite embedded database (0.64) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (4.4) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 6.9 times faster than EclipseLink with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using multithreading with small transaction size. Comparing the normalized speed of EclipseLink with SQLite embedded database (0.10) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (10.5) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 105 times faster than EclipseLink with SQLite embedded.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	failed	14.2	failed	16.4	failed	15.3
Element Collection Test	0.0007	4.4	failed	4.9	0.0007	4.6
Inheritance Test	failed	10.3	failed	18.6	failed	14.4
Indexing Test	failed	10.0	failed	16.4	failed	13.2
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	failed	2.6	failed	3.0	failed	2.8
Multithreading Test	failed	19.3	failed	19.3	failed	19.3
All Tests	0.0007	10.1	failed	13.1	0.0007	11.6

EclipseLink with SQLite embedded has failed in 11 tests (see exceptions).

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	1.2	49.3	failed	6.8	1.2	28.1
Element Collection Test	0.29	37.6	failed	2.7	0.29	20.1
Inheritance Test	0.69	24.1	failed	7.6	0.69	15.9
Indexing Test	0.0008	5.3	failed	14.8	0.0008	10.1
Multithreading Test	failed	39.7	failed	6.1	failed	22.9
All Tests	0.55	31.2	failed	7.6	0.55	19.4

EclipseLink with SQLite embedded has failed in 6 tests (see exceptions).

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	failed	4.5	failed	3.2	failed	3.8
Element Collection Test	0.0016	3.9	failed	3.1	0.0016	3.5
Inheritance Test	failed	4.6	failed	4.5	failed	4.5
Indexing Test	failed	4.6	failed	5.5	failed	5.1
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	failed	2.7	failed	1.2	failed	2.0
Multithreading Test	failed	11.6	failed	2.6	failed	7.1
All Tests	0.0016	5.3	failed	3.3	0.0016	4.3

EclipseLink with SQLite embedded has failed in 11 tests (see exceptions).

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	failed	3.8	failed	4.2	failed	4.0
Element Collection Test	0.0006	2.3	failed	1.5	0.0006	1.9
Inheritance Test	failed	4.0	failed	4.3	failed	4.2
Indexing Test	failed	5.5	failed	3.6	failed	4.6
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	failed	0.74	failed	0.96	failed	0.85
Multithreading Test	failed	5.6	failed	4.9	failed	5.3
All Tests	0.0006	3.7	failed	3.3	0.0006	3.5

EclipseLink with SQLite embedded has failed in 11 tests (see exceptions).

Comparison of database storage efficiency (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	79.4	52.7	79.4	52.7	79.4	52.7
Element Collection Test	74.5	42.3	74.5	42.3	74.5	42.3
Inheritance Test	75.0	49.2	75.0	49.2	75.0	49.2
Indexing Test	92.9	53.0	94.5	53.9	93.7	53.4
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	60.6	13.1	48.4	9.8	54.5	11.5
Multithreading Test	100	49.3	100	8.8	100	29.0
All Tests	80.4	43.3	78.6	36.1	79.5	39.7

The results above show that in general EclipseLink with SQLite embedded is more efficient than Hibernate with Derby embedded in using disk space. Comparing the normalized score of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (39.7) to the normalized score of EclipseLink with SQLite embedded database (79.5) reveals that in these tests, EclipseLink with SQLite embedded is 2.0 times more efficient than Hibernate with Derby embedded.

A huge gap has been detected when using multithreading with large transaction size. Comparing the normalized score of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (8.8) to the normalized score of EclipseLink with SQLite embedded database (100) reveals that in that case, EclipseLink with SQLite embedded is 11.4 times more efficient than Hibernate with Derby embedded.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded	EclipseLink SQLite embedded	Hibernate Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	0.66	15.5	0.90	6.9	0.74	11.2
Element Collection Test	0.070	10.2	0.65	2.8	0.17	6.5
Inheritance Test	0.38	9.7	0.82	7.7	0.53	8.7
Indexing Test	0.058	6.5	1.6	9.0	0.58	7.8
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	0.24	2.0	0.91	1.7	0.57	1.8
Multithreading Test	0.10	17.3	2.1	7.3	1.1	12.3
All Tests	0.22	10.5	1.2	6.1	0.52	8.3

The results above show that in general Hibernate with Derby embedded is much more efficient than EclipseLink with SQLite embedded in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of EclipseLink with SQLite embedded database (0.52) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (8.3) reveals that in these tests, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 16.0 times faster than EclipseLink with SQLite embedded.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using multithreading with small transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of EclipseLink with SQLite embedded database (0.10) to the normalized speed of Hibernate with Derby embedded database (17.3) reveals that in that case, Hibernate with Derby embedded is 173 times faster than EclipseLink with SQLite embedded.

Other Head to Head DBMS/JPA Comparisons

JPA Performance Benchmark - Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2012 ObjectDB Software Ltd. - All rights reserved.
The benchmark program is released as open source under the GPL license.