Comparison of Hibernate with HSQLDB server vs OpenJPA with Derby embedded

Each of the following tables focuses on a specific database operation, where the last table presents average results comparison.

Speed comparison of JPA database persistence operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	stopped	6.6	stopped	6.4	stopped	6.5
Element Collection Test	stopped	7.1	stopped	5.5	stopped	6.3
Inheritance Test	stopped	4.1	stopped	5.6	stopped	4.9
Indexing Test	stopped	6.3	stopped	6.8	stopped	6.5
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	stopped	2.3	stopped	2.5	stopped	2.4
Multithreading Test	stopped	7.2	stopped	0.0000	stopped	3.6
All Tests	stopped	5.6	stopped	4.5	stopped	5.0

The results above show that in general OpenJPA with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with HSQLDB server in persisting JPA entity objects to the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with HSQLDB database server (0.0000) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with Derby embedded database (5.0) reveals that in these tests, OpenJPA with Derby embedded is ? times faster than Hibernate with HSQLDB server.

Speed comparison of JPA database retrieval operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	stopped	14.7	stopped	28.9	stopped	21.8
Element Collection Test	stopped	1.0	stopped	14.9	stopped	8.0
Inheritance Test	stopped	1.4	stopped	18.0	stopped	9.7
Indexing Test	stopped	20.1	stopped	31.4	stopped	25.7
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	stopped	0.35	stopped	1.5	stopped	0.92
Multithreading Test	stopped	20.1	stopped	26.3	stopped	23.2
All Tests	stopped	9.6	stopped	20.2	stopped	14.9

The results above show that in general OpenJPA with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with HSQLDB server in retrieving JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with HSQLDB database server (0.0000) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with Derby embedded database (14.9) reveals that in these tests, OpenJPA with Derby embedded is ? times faster than Hibernate with HSQLDB server.

Speed comparison of JPA database query operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Retrieval Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	stopped	1.3	stopped	8.6	stopped	5.0
Element Collection Test	stopped	0.41	stopped	0.95	stopped	0.68
Inheritance Test	stopped	0.24	stopped	1.1	stopped	0.66
Indexing Test	stopped	9.1	stopped	17.7	stopped	13.4
Multithreading Test	stopped	5.2	stopped	10.6	stopped	7.9
All Tests	stopped	3.2	stopped	7.8	stopped	5.5

The results above show that in general OpenJPA with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with HSQLDB server in executing the tested JPA queries. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with HSQLDB database server (0.0000) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with Derby embedded database (5.5) reveals that in these tests, OpenJPA with Derby embedded is ? times faster than Hibernate with HSQLDB server.

Speed comparison of JPA database update operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	stopped	2.2	stopped	5.1	stopped	3.6
Element Collection Test	stopped	2.6	stopped	4.6	stopped	3.6
Inheritance Test	stopped	1.0	stopped	5.3	stopped	3.2
Indexing Test	stopped	7.0	stopped	7.5	stopped	7.2
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	stopped	1.3	stopped	1.0	stopped	1.2
Multithreading Test	stopped	4.9	stopped	5.5	stopped	5.2
All Tests	stopped	3.2	stopped	4.8	stopped	4.0

The results above show that in general OpenJPA with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with HSQLDB server in updating JPA entity objects in the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with HSQLDB database server (0.0000) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with Derby embedded database (4.0) reveals that in these tests, OpenJPA with Derby embedded is ? times faster than Hibernate with HSQLDB server.

Speed comparison of JPA database removal operations (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction Size =>	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	stopped	8.6	stopped	8.1	stopped	8.4
Element Collection Test	stopped	6.2	stopped	1.3	stopped	3.7
Inheritance Test	stopped	7.3	stopped	4.3	stopped	5.8
Indexing Test	stopped	15.2	stopped	6.0	stopped	10.6
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	stopped	5.6	stopped	8.3	stopped	6.9
Multithreading Test	stopped	5.5	stopped	0.0000	stopped	2.7
All Tests	stopped	8.1	stopped	4.7	stopped	6.4

The results above show that in general OpenJPA with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with HSQLDB server in deleting JPA entity objects from the database. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with HSQLDB database server (0.0000) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with Derby embedded database (6.4) reveals that in these tests, OpenJPA with Derby embedded is ? times faster than Hibernate with HSQLDB server.

Comparison of JPA/Database speed - the averages (normalized score, higher is better)

Transaction/Retrieval Size	Few Entities		Many Entities		Average Score
	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded	Hibernate HSQLDB server	OpenJPA Derby embedded
Basic Person Test	stopped	6.7	stopped	11.4	stopped	9.1
Element Collection Test	stopped	3.5	stopped	5.4	stopped	4.5
Inheritance Test	stopped	2.8	stopped	6.9	stopped	4.8
Indexing Test	stopped	11.5	stopped	13.9	stopped	12.7
Graph (Binary Tree) Test	stopped	2.4	stopped	3.3	stopped	2.9
Multithreading Test	stopped	8.6	stopped	8.5	stopped	8.5
All Tests	stopped	6.0	stopped	8.4	stopped	7.2

The results above show that in general OpenJPA with Derby embedded is much more efficient than Hibernate with HSQLDB server in performing JPA database operations. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with HSQLDB database server (0.0000) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with Derby embedded database (7.2) reveals that in these tests, OpenJPA with Derby embedded is ? times faster than Hibernate with HSQLDB server.

A huge performance gap has been detected when using simple basic entities with small transaction/retrieval size. Comparing the normalized speed of Hibernate with HSQLDB database server (0.0000) to the normalized speed of OpenJPA with Derby embedded database (6.7) reveals that in that case, OpenJPA with Derby embedded is ? times faster than Hibernate with HSQLDB server.

JPA Performance Benchmark (JPAB)